Cotton Cultivation (English) - II

ü  Bt Cotton –

1 - 1.5 kg per hectare

Spacing 100*100 cm, plants, 10000 plants per hectare

v  Along with the packet of Bt cotton, 20% seeds of non-Bt cotton are also given which is necessary to be planted so that the cotton bolls do not become resistant to Bt cotton. The first generation of Bt cotton, BG-I, was developed in 1996 in which Cryl AC, which kills cotton bollworms, was obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria and introduced into cotton plants. Which got permission to be installed in India by GEAC in 2002.

v  The second generation of Bt cotton in the world, BG-II, was developed in 2006 in which Cryl AC and Cryl 2Ab genes were inserted because in many areas’ bolls had become resistant to the BG-I variety. BG-I and BG-II in India Both varieties are popular.

v  Note - Growing non-Bt cotton in 20% area around the Bt cotton field is called refugia strategy. Bt cotton was approved in India in 2002 and commercial production started in 2002-2003.

v  Terminator gene is inserted in Bt cotton. Due to which its effect lasts only for 1 year in plants, hence new Bt cotton seeds have to be purchased every year.

v  Weed Management -

ü  Alachlor (Lasso) 1 kg/hac pre-germination

ü  Basalin Fluchloralin 1 kg/hac at the time of sowing

ü  Diuron pre germination 0.5 kg/hac

v  Phsycal disorders of cotton -

1.   Tirak - Burst of the clod before maturity is called Tirak. This problem occurs due to deficiency of N in alkaline soil.

2.   Little leaf – The leaves of plants remain small. This happens due to deficiency of Zn.

3.   Crinkle leaf - In this the plant leaves shrink. This is due to excess of Mn.

ü  Ginning – 33% of ginning is found in cotton.

ü  Napiness – This measures the thickness of the fiber.

ü  Fiber fineness is measured by micronaire.

v  Insect Management -

ü  American braided - Helicoverpa armigera

ü  Pink cotton bollworm - Pectinophora Gossypiylla

ü  Spotted brown caterpillar - Iryaz insulena

ü  Leaf curl - Cylepta derogeta

F Control of cotton bolls - Install pheromone traps for bolls. Use NPV 250 - 500 ml/hac.

ü  Cotton juice sucking insects -

ü  Fudka - Emsecta vigutulla

ü  Whitefly - Bamessia tabaci

v  Disease -

ü  Bacterial blight / black arm / blight - Xanthomonas malvecerum

This is the main bacterial disease of cotton; it is also called black arm disease of cotton. To control it, copper oxychloride solution should be sprayed.

ü  Ukhatha disease – Fusarium Spp.

Mencozeb 0.2% solution

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