Lecture – 1 Meaning and Scope of Agricultural Meteorology (English)

 

v  Meteorology: - Under meteorology, the phenomena and motions of the atmosphere are studied with the aim that the weather can be predicted by interpreting these phenomena and motions. Under this, the conditions of the atmosphere are studied in a short period of time.

                                      Meteorology – Greek word

                           

                                      Meteors – High in the sky

v  Agricultural Meteorology: - This is a branch of general meteorology, under which the study of weather and climate is done for the purpose of quantitative and qualitative improvement in agricultural production.

v  Aerology: – It is also called Aeronomy. Under this, the physical and chemical characteristics of the constituents of the atmosphere are studied on the basis of the details obtained through airplanes and man-made satellites etc.

v  Climatology: - The study of long-term average atmospheric conditions of a specific place, area, region, country is called climate science.

v  Objective of Agricultural Meteorology

1.   To identify and define meteorological, climatic and hydrological problems relevant to agricultural production.

2.   Apply this knowledge of the atmosphere and soil to practical agricultural use.

3.   It tries to increase agricultural production by controlling the physical environment.

4.   Accurate forecasting of weather and crop yield.

5.   Control of physical environment includes prevailing frost, drought, increased wind gusts, adoption of flood control measures, modifying and controlling temperature and humidity in crop fields and animal houses.

Ø  Some institute and Departments related to Meteorology

þ  IMD – Indian Meteorological Department 

1875          1905            1928                 1944

alcutta      Shimla        Pune           New Delhi

þ  WMO – World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland (1950)

þ  IITM – Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune (1962)

þ  NRSA – National Remote Sensing Agency, Hyderabad

þ  IIRS – Indian institute for remote sensing, Dehradun

þ  NCMRWF – National Center for medium range weather forecasting, New Delhi

Ø  Scope of Agricultural Meteorology

1.   Knowledge of agricultural meteorology is essential for quantitative and qualitative improvement in agricultural production.

2.   The success and failure of agricultural production depends on the interaction of meteorological factors and agricultural activities.

3.   Under the scope of agricultural meteorology, the study of Atmospheric Science, Climatology, General Meteorology, Hydrology, Precipitation, Agricultural Science, Forestry and Livestock are included. has been included.

4.   For this, basic agricultural scientific data are taken from general meteorological studies and these are completed with data related to biosphere, environment of all and growth and development of these organisms.

5.   Agricultural meteorology aims at researching meteorological, climatology and hydrological problems and applying this knowledge to practical agricultural use.

6.   Optimum crop growth requires specific climatic conditions. Therefore, it seeks to increase agricultural production by controlling the physical environment and by accurately predicting weather and predicting crop yields.